Because what is known must be shared

While working on a project for my father, I became reacquainted with the OCLC (Online Computer Library Center). Founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library Center, it is one of, if not the, main digital backbones of library collections in the world.

In an era defined by digital transformation and information overload, OCLC.org has emerged as a vital force, revolutionizing the way libraries and cultural institutions operate. As a global cooperative, OCLC.org’s relentless dedication to fostering collaboration, advancing knowledge, and connecting communities has paved the way for a brighter future for libraries worldwide.

OCLC.org, formally known as the Online Computer Library Center, has been at the forefront of library automation and shared cataloging since its inception in 1967. Over the years, it has evolved into a dynamic organization that consistently adapts to the changing landscape of information management and technology.

One of the most notable achievements of OCLC.org is its creation of WorldCat, a comprehensive online catalog that aggregates library collections from around the world. This monumental database provides users with unprecedented access to a vast array of resources, enabling researchers, scholars, and enthusiasts to explore an unparalleled wealth of knowledge. By breaking down barriers and connecting libraries across continents, OCLC.org has transformed the way information is discovered and shared.

Beyond the realm of cataloging, OCLC.org has also pioneered innovative solutions that empower libraries to serve their communities more effectively. With tools like EZproxy, WorldShare, and Tipasa, the organization has streamlined resource sharing, interlibrary loans, and collaborative workflows. These technological advancements have not only enhanced efficiency but have also strengthened the global network of libraries, ensuring that even the most remote communities have access to valuable resources.

Furthermore, OCLC.org has been a driving force behind initiatives that promote cultural preservation and digital archives. Through projects like the OCLC Research Library Partnership and the Web Archiving Community, the organization has played a pivotal role in safeguarding our collective heritage for future generations. By harnessing the power of technology and collaborative expertise, OCLC.org has transformed the way we preserve and share our cultural treasures.

The significance of OCLC.org’s work cannot be overstated. By championing the values of collaboration, innovation, and open access, the organization has solidified its role as a catalyst for positive change within the library community. Its commitment to inclusivity and accessibility ensures that libraries, regardless of their size or location, can thrive in an increasingly digital world.

As we express our gratitude for the invaluable contributions of OCLC.org, we must also acknowledge the remarkable individuals behind the scenes—the librarians, archivists, and technologists who tirelessly work to make the organization’s vision a reality. Their unwavering dedication to improving access to information has transformed countless lives and inspired a new generation of library professionals.

OCLC.org has undeniably reshaped the landscape of global libraries, providing the tools, platforms, and services necessary for their continued evolution and success. Through their pioneering spirit, collaborative ethos, and tireless pursuit of knowledge, OCLC.org has truly revolutionized the way we discover, preserve, and share information. As we move forward, let us celebrate and appreciate the incredible work of OCLC.org, an indispensable pillar of the library community. Thank you for the assist.

In Indiana, a Fight for Affordable Medications: Moral vs. Market

The cost of prescription drugs, a hot-button issue across the United States, is also causing a stir in Indiana, a state where lawmakers are wrestling with the moral, market, and political factors that contribute to high prices. The main hurdles include striking a balance between affordable prices and incentivizing innovation, the lack of price transparency, and the proliferation of perverse incentives in the system supplying prescription drugs to patients.

In the Indiana State Legislature, several initiatives have been launched to tackle these issues. Senate Bill 8 (SB 8), for example, is an ambitious effort to hold Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) – intermediaries between drug companies, pharmacies, and health insurance companies – accountable for their role in the pricing process. The bill would mandate that PBMs pass on at least 85% of their discounts and rebates to individual patients or all plan members. Critics of PBMs argue that they have been abusing their role, engaging in pay-to-play behavior that ultimately leads to inflated prices.

Meanwhile, House Bill 1017 (HB 1017) seeks to establish a prescription drug donation repository program in Indiana. This initiative would allow Hoosiers to donate unopened prescription drugs and supplies to a central repository, making them available to eligible recipients. While supporters argue the program could lead to significant cost savings and make costly drugs more accessible, some question the bill’s efficacy, stating that only a small minority of Hoosiers would qualify under its stringent criteria.

However, these aggressive efforts to lower prescription drug costs are not without controversy. Some researchers caution that these measures could have unintended consequences. While it’s true that drugs cost more in the U.S. than in other countries, this discrepancy allows Americans to have early access to new and potentially life-saving medicines. Critics argue that strict price controls could stifle innovation and delay the introduction of such drugs.

As lawmakers wrestle with these complexities, organizations like AARP are stepping up to offer prescription savings programs to members. Despite these efforts, the path to affordable medication remains fraught with challenges and uncertainty. The ongoing debate in Indiana serves as a microcosm of the broader national struggle to find a fair and sustainable solution to the escalating cost of prescription drugs.

Human Trafficking in Indiana

The modern-day form of slavery that is human trafficking occurs in every state, Indiana is no different. Victims of human trafficking are forced to work against their will, often in dangerous and exploitative conditions. They may be subjected to physical and sexual abuse, and they may be denied food, water, and medical care.

Human trafficking is a growing problem in Indiana. In 2021, the National Human Trafficking Hotline identified 123 cases of human trafficking in the state. The majority of victims were female, and the most common form of trafficking was sex trafficking.

There are a number of factors that contribute to human trafficking in Indiana. The state is located on major interstate highways, which makes it a transportation hub for traffickers. Indiana is also a low-cost state with a large number of vulnerable populations, such as runaway and homeless youth, immigrants, and people with disabilities.

Who Are the Victims of Human Trafficking?

The victims of human trafficking can be anyone, regardless of age, gender, race, or nationality. However, there are some populations that are at increased risk for trafficking, including:

Runaway and homeless youth: Runaway and homeless youth are often vulnerable to trafficking because they are looking for a place to stay and a way to make money. Traffickers may prey on these youth by offering them food, shelter, or a job, and then they may use force, fraud, or coercion to keep them in bondage.
Immigrants: Immigrants may be vulnerable to trafficking because they may not be familiar with the law or the language, and they may be afraid to report trafficking for fear of deportation.
People with disabilities: People with disabilities may be vulnerable to trafficking because they may be dependent on others for care, and they may be less likely to be believed if they report trafficking.

What Are the Signs of Human Trafficking?

There are a number of signs that someone may be a victim of human trafficking. These signs include:

They are afraid to leave their trafficker.
They have no identification or access to money.
They have been physically or sexually abused.
They are forced to work long hours in dangerous or unhealthy conditions.
They are not allowed to keep their earnings.
They are not allowed to contact family or friends.

If you see someone who is exhibiting any of these signs, it is important to report it to the authorities. You can call the National Human Trafficking Hotline at 1-888-373-7888 or the Indiana Protection for Abused and Trafficked Humans (IPATH) Hotline at 1-800-800-5556.

What Can Be Done to Combat Human Trafficking?

There are a number of things that can be done to combat human trafficking. These include:

Raising awareness: One of the most important things that can be done to combat human trafficking is to raise awareness of the issue. People need to know what human trafficking is, who the victims are, and what the signs are.
Reporting suspected cases: If you suspect that someone is being trafficked, it is important to report it to the authorities. You can call the National Human Trafficking Hotline at 1-888-373-7888 or the Indiana Protection for Abused and Trafficked Humans (IPATH) Hotline at 1-800-800-5556.
Providing support to victims: Victims of human trafficking often need support to recover from their experiences. There are a number of organizations that provide support to victims of human trafficking, including the National Human Trafficking Hotline and the IPATH.
Holding traffickers accountable: Traffickers must be held accountable for their crimes. The government must work to prosecute traffickers and to ensure that they receive stiff sentences.

These statistics underscore the ongoing issue of human trafficking in Indiana, and highlight the importance of continued efforts to identify and assist victims.

A Spotlight on the Social Determinants of Health

The United States is entering a new era of health initiatives, with the spotlight firmly placed on the non-medical factors that influence our well-being. This shift in focus is embodied in the “Healthy People 2030” initiative, which is aiming to set a new standard for nationwide health improvement over the next decade.

“Healthy People 2030” is an ambitious, data-driven project that aims to enhance health and well-being across the country. The initiative includes 358 core objectives that are not only measurable but are also accompanied by developmental and research objectives. This rigorous approach ensures that the program’s impact can be accurately tracked and evaluated over time.

At the heart of “Healthy People 2030” is a recognition of the significant impact of social determinants on health. These are the non-medical factors that influence health outcomes, such as the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age. Social determinants also encompass larger forces such as economic policies, social norms, and even climate change. These elements have a substantial impact on people’s health and well-being and have been made a key focus of the initiative.

“Healthy People 2030” has outlined five critical areas to address:

healthcare access and quality
education access and quality
social and community context
economic stability
neighborhood and built environment

These areas are seen as fundamental pillars that underpin the health and well-being of all Americans, with factors ranging from safe housing and transportation to the quality of air and water being taken into account.

The initiative also highlights a small subset of high-priority objectives known as Leading Health Indicators (LHIs). These objectives are designed to drive action toward improving health and well-being at a national level. They serve as a call to action, spotlighting areas where targeted efforts can have significant impacts on health outcomes.

Moreover, “Healthy People 2030” provides hundreds of evidence-based resources to address public health priorities. These resources can be accessed by healthcare professionals, policymakers, and community leaders, providing them with valuable tools and information to guide their work in improving public health.

The initiative also includes a series of webinars, such as “Strengthening Resilience in Children and Adolescents”. This particular webinar addresses specific objectives, such as increasing participation in sports teams for children and adolescents with physical disabilities, showcasing the initiative’s focus on a wide range of health and well-being aspects.

As we move forward into this new decade, “Healthy People 2030” represents a significant shift in how we approach public health. By focusing on social determinants and promoting evidence-based practices, the initiative aims to create a healthier future for all Americans. Only time will tell how successful this approach will be, but one thing is certain: the focus on health in America is becoming broader, more nuanced, and more inclusive than ever before.

Biden’s Pragmatic Approach Yields Significant Legislative Wins But Who Is Paying Attention

In a political landscape marked by infighting and a shifting balance of power, President Joe Biden’s first term has proven surprisingly productive. Despite losing control of the House to Republicans and facing internal disagreements within the Democratic party, Biden has managed to pass several major pieces of legislation, some with bipartisan support.

The American Rescue Plan, a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, was one of Biden’s earliest victories. The plan provided financial support to Americans and facilitated a nationwide vaccine rollout. This was followed by a $1 trillion bipartisan infrastructure bill, a landmark piece of legislation aimed at repairing the nation’s roads, bridges, and railways, and bringing high-speed internet to rural communities.

In the wake of mass shootings in Texas and New York, Biden signed the first major gun-safety bill in decades into law. This was followed by the CHIPS and Science Act of 2022, which allocated roughly $53 billion in federal funding to manufacture semiconductor chips in the U.S., reducing reliance on foreign production.

One of the most significant pieces of legislation was the Inflation Reduction Act, aimed at tackling inflation by reducing the federal deficit, promoting the production of certain goods, and limiting the cost of some prescription drugs. Despite the ambitious nature of this package, it passed through Congress, marking a significant victory for the Biden administration.

Internationally, Biden has shown strong support for Ukraine’s defense against a Russian invasion, with the U.S. contributing over $100 billion in total aid.

The American Rescue Plan in response to COVID-19, which provided financial support to Americans and facilitated a nationwide vaccine rollout.
A $1 trillion bipartisan infrastructure bill to repair the nation’s roads, bridges, and railways, and bring high-speed internet to rural communities.
The first major gun-safety bill in decades following mass shootings in Texas and New York.
The CHIPS and Science Act of 2022, which allocated roughly $53 billion in federal funding to manufacture semiconductor chips in the U.S.
The Inflation Reduction Act, which aims to tackle inflation by reducing the federal deficit, promoting the production of certain goods, and limiting the cost of some prescription drugs.
Support for Ukraine’s defense against a Russian invasion, with over $100 billion in total contribution.
Congress extends the Debt Ceiling until 2025 with a near 2/3rds majority in the Senate.

As Biden seeks a second term, he is framing the race as a referendum on competence and governance. Despite his low approval rating, even among Democrats, Biden’s allies argue that his strategy reflects his broader view of the presidency: focusing on making a prolonged impact rather than engaging in daily political chatter.

The budget agreement with Republicans, which protects Biden’s infrastructure and climate laws and spending on Social Security and Medicare, is seen by Biden’s team as a significant achievement. They believe this deal provides them with “running room” through the 2024 election to focus on making people feel the impacts of the legislation Biden signed into law, as well as begin to lay out their priorities for what he would do with another term and more Democrats in Congress.

Despite these accomplishments, Biden’s age and the potential for future “hostage-taking” over the debt ceiling remain concerns. However, his team remains focused on the results, believing that their pragmatic approach will ultimately prove successful. As the 2024 election approaches, Biden’s record of legislative victories will be put to the test and we hope more people will see the results the closer it comes to time to vote.

A Significant Decline in Migrant Crossings: another win for the WH

In a surprising turn of events, the number of migrants attempting to cross the southwest U.S. border has plummeted to its lowest point since President Biden took office. Border Patrol is currently intercepting just over 3,000 migrants daily, a stark contrast to the more than 10,000 daily interceptions recorded merely three weeks ago. This decline defies widespread predictions of a surge following the cessation of the Title 42 Covid ban on May 11. Several factors have converged to contribute to this unexpected decrease in migrant crossings.

Reinstating Consequences

The end of Title 42 has also seen the reintroduction of stringent consequences for illegal border crossings. Under the newly reimposed Title 8 regulation, migrants who are deported and then caught attempting to re-enter the U.S. within five years face felony charges. Customs and Border Protection officials believe that the increased penalties and risk of deportation — the “consequences” — have deterred migrants from attempting to cross.

Technology Aids Asylum Seekers

Firstly, there has been a notable uptick in the use of the CBP One App, a mobile application that allows migrants to book appointments at U.S. ports of entry to seek asylum. Shelter operators in Tijuana report that migrants are increasingly turning to this technological solution, which has likely contributed to the reduction in illegal crossings.

Weather Woes

The weather has also played a role in the declining numbers. A Colombian official noted that fewer migrants have been crossing from Colombia into Panama along the perilous Darien Gap in recent weeks due to the rainy season, which has rendered the journey even more treacherous.

New Asylum Restrictions

Lastly, the Department of Homeland Security has implemented a policy known as asylum ineligibility following the end of Title 42. This policy stipulates those migrants who do not first seek asylum in countries they pass through in route to the U.S. are deemed ineligible to apply for asylum at the U.S. border. There are exceptions for those denied asylum by a country they passed through or those who can prove they meet a special set of criteria, such as potential victims of torture if deported.

However, the American Civil Liberties Union has challenged the asylum ineligibility policy, with a hearing set for July 19. If the judge blocks the policy, the Biden administration may face an increase in migrants attempting to cross illegally to claim asylum.

As the situation continues to evolve, the administration, migrants, and advocates alike will be closely watching the outcome of the court hearing and its potential impact on future migration patterns.

Progress Amid Housing Challenges

As the United States grapples with the economic fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic, a new report from Security.org offers a glimmer of hope amid the adversity. Despite rising housing costs and the economic strain of the pandemic, the number of people experiencing homelessness in America is lower today than a decade ago.

The report, which analyzes homelessness in America as of 2023, highlights several positive trends. One of the most significant is the steady decline in family homelessness. Since 2012, the number of unhoused people in families with children has fallen by one-third. This trend suggests that measures to protect vulnerable families from the threat of homelessness are having a tangible impact.

Youth homelessness, a particularly pressing issue, has also seen a notable decrease. Between 2020 and 2022, the number of unaccompanied youths experiencing homelessness in America decreased by 12 percent. This progress is a testament to the concerted efforts of governments, nonprofits, and other groups dedicated to addressing this issue.

The report also notes a significant decrease in homelessness among Black individuals. Over the past two years, the number of Black individuals identifying as homeless dropped by over 11,000. While racial disparities in homelessness rates persist, this decrease indicates that efforts to address these disparities may be starting to bear fruit.

Decrease in Overall Homelessness Over the Past Decade: Despite the slight increase in homelessness since the start of the pandemic and gradual increases since 2016, the number of people experiencing homelessness is lower today than a decade ago. This suggests that long-term efforts to combat homelessness have had some success.
Reduction in Family Homelessness: The number of unhoused people in families with children has been on a steady decline since 2012, falling by one-third in that time. This is a significant development, as it indicates that measures to protect vulnerable families are having a positive impact.
Progress in Reducing Youth Homelessness: There has been notable progress in addressing youth homelessness. The number of unaccompanied youths experiencing homelessness in America decreased by 12 percent between 2020 and 2022. This is particularly encouraging, as young people are one of the most vulnerable groups when it comes to homelessness.
Decrease in Homelessness Among Black Individuals: The number of Black individuals identifying as homeless dropped by over 11,000 over the past two years. While racial disparities still exist in homelessness rates, this decrease suggests that efforts to address these disparities may be starting to have an effect.
Significant Reduction in Veteran Homelessness: There has been substantial progress in reducing homelessness among military veterans. Homelessness in this population declined by 11 percent over the past two years and has been halved since 2010. This is a testament to the effectiveness of targeted initiatives and increased funding for veteran support.
Steady Rate of Homelessness: Despite the slight increase in homelessness since the pandemic’s start, the overall number of people experiencing homelessness has remained steady at 0.18 percent of the nation’s population. This suggests that despite the economic challenges posed by the pandemic, large-scale increases in homelessness have been prevented.

Perhaps the most encouraging finding in the report is the substantial reduction in veteran homelessness. Over the past two years, homelessness in this population declined by 11 percent. Since 2010, veteran homelessness has been halved. This progress underscores the effectiveness of targeted initiatives and increased funding for veteran support.

Despite the slight increase in homelessness since the pandemic’s start, the overall number of people experiencing homelessness has remained steady at 0.18 percent of the nation’s population. This suggests that despite the economic challenges posed by the pandemic, large-scale increases in homelessness have been prevented.

While these positive trends offer hope, the report also underscores that homelessness remains a significant issue in America, affecting over half a million people. It highlights the need for continued efforts to address this societal problem, particularly among vulnerable communities.

As the nation continues to navigate the economic challenges of the pandemic, the findings of this report serve as a reminder of the progress that has been made, and the work that still needs to be done.

The Economics of Homelessness

Economic challenges are a significant precursor to homelessness, perpetuating a cycle of housing instability and vulnerability. Understanding the most recent available information sheds light on the current state of underemployment, low wages, and their impact on housing insecurity.

Underemployment: In recent years, underemployment has been a persistent challenge for many individuals and families. While the unemployment rate may appear low, there is a significant portion of the workforce that is underemployed, meaning they are working part-time or in positions that do not fully utilize their skills and qualifications. This limited work availability not only restricts income potential but also hampers individuals’ ability to secure stable housing, as part-time or low-wage employment may not provide sufficient income to afford housing costs.

Low Wages and Income Inequality: Income inequality continues to be a pressing issue in the United States. While there have been slight increases in the minimum wage in certain states and municipalities, the federal minimum wage has remained stagnant for over a decade. As a result, many low-wage workers struggle to earn a living wage that covers their basic needs, including housing. The disparity between wages and the rising cost of living disproportionately affects those with limited financial resources, leaving them at an elevated risk of homelessness. The availability of affordable housing is only magnified by wage inequity.

In Boston, Massachusetts, the average home price is $921,897, while the median household income stands at $79,283. Moving south to Queens, New York, we find the average home price is slightly higher at $926,306 with a median household income of $73,262. Seattle, Washington, has an average home price of $937,623, yet boasts a higher median household income of $110,781.

Venturing west, we see a similar trend in San Diego, California, where the average home price is over a million dollars at $1,001,748, with a median household income of $93,042. Los Angeles, California, also breaches the million-dollar mark with an average home price of $1,098,874, while the median household income is significantly lower at $70,372.

Even higher, San Francisco, California, has an average home price of $1,502,557 and a median household income of $121,826. The most expensive city on our list, Palo Alto, California, has an average home price of a staggering $3,298,057, with a median household income of $167,062.

Insufficient Safety Nets: Despite efforts to bolster safety nets, many individuals still face limited access to essential resources during times of financial crisis. While unemployment benefits provide temporary assistance, they often fall short in fully addressing the needs of individuals and families experiencing job loss or reduced income. Affordable healthcare, emergency assistance programs, and comprehensive social support services are crucial to preventing housing instability and homelessness during economic hardships.

Addressing economic challenges requires a comprehensive approach that includes not only job creation and fair wages but also systemic reforms. Recent initiatives have sought to raise the minimum wage in various jurisdictions, recognizing the need for income adequacy. Additionally, expanding access to job training programs and promoting career advancement opportunities can help individuals secure stable employment that provides a living wage. Strengthening social safety nets, ensuring affordable healthcare, and enhancing emergency assistance programs are vital to supporting individuals and families facing financial hardships and preventing homelessness.

America’s Housing Affordability Crisis

In a nation grappling with a lingering pandemic and economic uncertainty, the American dream of owning a home has never felt so elusive. The housing affordability crisis, a silent disaster that has been brewing since the Great Recession, has now reached a critical point in 2023, with the chasm between income and housing costs widening dramatically.

In the United States, the need for affordable housing is acute, with estimates indicating that the country requires approximately four to five million more homes than currently available. Over 40% of renters are cost-burdened, spending more than 30% of their income on housing, while housing prices are outpacing wage growth in 80% of U.S. markets. A variety of factors have compounded the crisis, including the work-from-home trend catalyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain disruptions leading to shortages of labor and building materials.

The pivot to remote work has significantly affected housing affordability and migration patterns. With the new work-from-home culture, people need more space, driving up housing demand and subsequently housing prices. This shift has also prompted a migration to the suburbs, where space is relatively cheaper, especially in cities with long commutes and a high population of white-collar workers.

The impact of higher interest rates is another contributing factor to the affordability crisis. These rates have led to a fall in home prices but not necessarily to an improvement in affordability for renters or buyers. In fact, for many renters, conditions are worsening. The rise in interest rates has made it more challenging for homebuilders to initiate new projects, indicating a decrease in housing affordability in the medium term.

Addressing this crisis requires a multifaceted approach involving both the public and private sectors. On one hand, states should take a proactive role in preempting municipalities from enforcing land use restrictions that raise housing costs. On the other hand, the private sector should focus on innovations like automation of construction processes, modular housing, and 3D printing to reduce construction costs and improve housing affordability in the long run.

In addition, the National Low Income Housing Coalition has proposed several strategies to address this crisis. These include increasing federal investment in affordable housing, preserving existing affordable housing stock, raising the minimum wage, and investing in affordable home ownership programs. The organization also advocates for the establishment of a renter’s bill of rights to protect tenants from unjust evictions and unfair rent increases.

It’s clear that the housing affordability crisis is a complex problem requiring comprehensive, innovative, and cooperative solutions. As we move forward in 2023, the need to close the widening chasm between income and housing costs remains one of the country’s most pressing challenges.

An American Tragedy: Background

Homelessness in the United States is a complex issue influenced by a range of factors that contribute to housing instability. Understanding the causes can help inform strategies and interventions to address this pressing problem. Here is a summary of some key factors contributing to homelessness:

Lack of Affordable Housing: The scarcity of affordable housing is a significant driver of homelessness. Rising housing costs, stagnant wages, and limited availability of affordable units create a challenging environment where individuals and families struggle to secure and maintain stable housing. Insufficient affordable housing options leave many with no choice but to live in inadequate or overcrowded conditions, pushing them towards homelessness.

Economic Challenges and Poverty: Financial instability, unemployment, and underemployment contribute to homelessness. Job loss, layoffs, or low wages can make it difficult for individuals and families to afford housing expenses, leading to evictions and homelessness. The lack of a safety net, such as savings or access to supportive resources, further exacerbates the risk. Poverty is closely intertwined with homelessness. Individuals and families living below the poverty line often face immense challenges in meeting their basic needs, including housing. Poverty can result from a range of factors, such as limited educational opportunities, lack of job prospects, systemic inequalities, and discrimination, all of which increase the risk of homelessness.

Mental Health and Substance Abuse: Mental health issues and substance abuse contribute to homelessness and can create a cycle that is challenging to break. Individuals experiencing mental health challenges may face difficulties in maintaining stable housing, accessing support systems, and finding appropriate treatment. Substance abuse, including drug addiction and alcoholism, can strain relationships, lead to financial instability, and result in housing instability and homelessness.

Domestic Violence: Domestic violence is a significant cause of homelessness, particularly among women and families. Survivors of domestic violence often face the difficult choice of leaving unsafe environments, sometimes with limited resources or support networks. Escaping abuse can lead to homelessness if alternative housing options are unavailable, leaving individuals and families vulnerable.

Some of the numbers

Point-in-Time Count: According to the 2020 Annual Homeless Assessment Report (AHAR) by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), on a single night in January 2020, approximately 580,466 people were experiencing homelessness across the country.

Sheltered and Unsheltered Homelessness: The majority of homeless individuals (65%) were staying in emergency shelters or transitional housing programs, while the remaining 35% were unsheltered, living on the streets, in cars, abandoned buildings, or other places not meant for human habitation.

Homelessness by Population Groups: Certain populations are particularly vulnerable to homelessness. The AHAR report indicated that on that single night in January 2020, the following subpopulations accounted for a significant proportion of the homeless population:

Individuals in families: 36% of the total homeless population
Unaccompanied youth under the age of 25: 6%
Veterans: 8%
Individuals experiencing chronic homelessness: 18%

Homelessness by Region: Homelessness is not evenly distributed across the country. Certain regions and states have higher rates of homelessness. In 2020, the states with the highest rates of homelessness per 10,000 people were District of Columbia, Hawaii, New York, California, and Oregon.